During the last few years, interest in the thought of French poststructuralist philosophers has grown. Jacques Rancière, a representative of this tradition, has attracted considerable attention, leading to the translation of two important books by him in German: Die Nacht der Proletarier and Die Lektion Althussers. The article uses these two new publications and the book Das Unvernehmen to describe important milestones in the development of Rancière’s political philosophy. Tracing Rancière’s shift away from Althusser and his theory of political subjectivity, the text proposes a reading of Rancière that highlights the constitution of a subjectivity that challenges existing orders in our society.