A Flame-Retardant Phytic-Acid-Based LbL-Coating for Cotton Using Polyvinylamine

Zilke, Olga; Plohl, Dennis;
GND
128379782
Opwis, Klaus;
GND
1018933182
ORCID
0000-0002-2822-6461
LSF
58792
Zugehörige Organisation
Physical Chemistry & CENIDE, University Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5, D-45117 Essen, Germany, mayer-gall@dtnw.de
Mayer-Gall, Thomas;
GND
122542932
ORCID
0000-0002-1394-9202
LSF
52426
Zugehörige Organisation
Physical Chemistry & CENIDE, University Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5, D-45117 Essen, Germany, jochen.gutmann@uni-due.de
Gutmann, Jochen Stefan

Phytic acid (PA), as a natural source of phosphorus, was immobilized on cotton (CO) in a layer-by-layer (LbL) approach with polyvinylamine (PVAm) as the oppositely charged electrolyte to create a partly bio-based flame-retardant finish. PVAm was employed as a synthetic nitrogen source with the highest density of amine groups of all polymers. Vertical flame tests revealed a flame-retardant behavior with no afterflame and afterglow time for a coating of 15 bilayers (BL) containing 2% phosphorus and 1.4% nitrogen. The coating achieved a molar P:N ratio of 3:5. Microscale combustion calorimetry (MCC) analyses affirmed the flame test findings by a decrease in peak heat release rate (pkHRR) by more than 60% relative to unfinished CO. Thermogravimetric analyses (TGA) and MCC measurements exhibited a shifted CO peak to lower temperatures indicating proceeding reactions to form an isolating char on the surface. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) coupled online with a TGA system, allowed the identification of a decreased amount of acrolein, methanol, carbon monoxide and formaldehyde during sample pyrolysis and a higher amount of released water. Thereby the toxicity of released volatiles was reduced. Our results prove that PA enables a different reaction by catalyzing cellulosic dehydration, which results in the formation of a protective char on the surface of the burned fabric.

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