Larger infarct size but equal protection by ischemic conditioning in septum and anterior free wall of pigs with LAD occlusion

GND
17275433X
ORCID
0000-0001-8396-0450
Affiliation
Institute for Pathophysiology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University of Essen Medical School, Essen, Germany.
Skyschally, Andreas;
Affiliation
Institute for Pathophysiology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University of Essen Medical School, Essen, Germany.
Hagelschuer, Helene;
GND
173652794
ORCID
0000-0003-3576-3772
LSF
53297
Affiliation
Institute for Pathophysiology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University of Essen Medical School, Essen, Germany.
Kleinbongard, Petra;
GND
1065629672
ORCID
0000-0001-7078-4160
LSF
14631
Affiliation
Institute for Pathophysiology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University of Essen Medical School, Essen, Germany.
Heusch, Gerd
The ischemic area at risk (AAR) is one major determinant of infarct size (IS). In patients, the largest AAR is seen with a proximal occlusion of the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery, which serves parts of the septum and of the anterior free wall. It is not clear, whether regional differences in the perfusion territories also impact on IS and the magnitude of cardioprotection by ischemic conditioning. We have retrospectively analyzed 132 experiments in pigs, which have a similar LAD perfusion territory as humans. The LAD was occluded for 60 min with subsequent 180 min reperfusion. Cardioprotection by either local ischemic pre- or postconditioning or remote ischemic pre- or perconditioning was induced in 93 pigs. The AAR was demarcated by blue dye staining, and IS was assessed by triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining. Using digital planimetry, the AAR was separated into sections unequivocally located in the septum (AARS ) or the anterior free wall (AARAFW ). Relative IS was calculated for AARS or AARAFW . AARAFW was larger than AARS (51 ± 9% vs. 34 ± 8% of total AAR; mean ± SD, P < 0.001). Regional myocardial blood flow (microspheres) was not different between septum and anterior free wall. IS without ischemic conditioning tended to be larger in AARS than in AARAFW (50 ± 17% vs. 44 ± 19%; % of AARAWF or AARS , respectively; P = 0.075). Also, with robust IS reduction by ischemic conditioning, the difference in relative IS remained (AARS : 27 ± 16%; AARAFW : 21 ± 16%; P = 0.01). There is a somewhat greater susceptibility for infarction in septal than anterior free wall myocardium. However, ischemic conditioning still reduces IS in both septal and anterior free wall myocardium.

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