The process of Hydrothermal Carbonization (HTC) offers new options to recycle wet organic waste and residues. Energy utilization of wet biomass is improved in most of the considered cases theoretically. However, many of the investigated waste streams are used in established pathways. Therefore, at the time being, there is a limit set to the use of the HTC-technology in Germany. Possible fields of application are the treatment of fermentation residue from biogas plants (digested crops/manure) and sewage sludge. These are the two examples considered in this thesis. The research into these both fields shows, that the improved solid-liquid separation after HTC forms the basis for a meaningful application. The solid product is substantially more reasonable to transport and has a higher heating value than the input material has before HTC. However, the resulting process water after the dewatering step has to be treated additionally. From the energy point of view, an anaerobic treatment of process water to produce methane is recommended. It must be examined, in each individual case, if the additional expenditure for treatment of process water and gases exceeds the advantages of the HTC-technology. Important approaches to optimize the HTC-process are available in the process water management (recycle) and pH value reduction. The latter improves the dewatering behavior considerably, which additionally leads to a mass reduction and an increase in heating value. In this case, the process water shows a significant reduction in the load of organic compounds, which also has an improved specific biodegradability. In addition, many nutrients (NPK) are transferred into the process water, which gives the possibility of nutrient recovery (e.g. P-recycling) from the liquid phase, but this is associated with a high consumption of chemicals. The use of e.g. sulfuric acid to reduce the pH value is accompanied by an increase of sulfur in the product phases. To evaluate the HTC-technology as a process step for recovering phosphorous the potentials presented in this work must be investigated in future projects. The economic evaluation shows high costs for the process-intensive HTC-technology. Currently, there are no seen economic advantages for the sector of agriculture (treatment of fermentation residues). In this case there is no short-term technical relevance obtained. After consideration of the economic conditions in the field of sewage sludge treatment the application of HTC can reach economic feasibility. To make a contribution to this sector, a further development of the technology will be necessary.