000K utf8 1100 2024$c2024-02-27 1500 eng 2050 urn:nbn:de:hbz:465-20240806-143333-5 2051 10.3390/v16030364 3000 Karakoese, Zehra 3010 Dittmer, Ulf 3010 Ingola, Martha 3010 Sitek, Barbara 3010 Sutter, Kathrin 4000 IFNα Subtypes in HIV Infection and Immunity [Karakoese, Zehra] 4209 Type I interferons (IFN), immediately triggered following most viral infections, play a pivotal role in direct antiviral immunity and act as a bridge between innate and adaptive immune responses. However, numerous viruses have evolved evasion strategies against IFN responses, prompting the exploration of therapeutic alternatives for viral infections. Within the type I IFN family, 12 IFNα subtypes exist, all binding to the same receptor but displaying significant variations in their biological activities. Currently, clinical treatments for chronic virus infections predominantly rely on a single IFNα subtype (IFNα2a/b). However, the efficacy of this therapeutic treatment is relatively limited, particularly in the context of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection. Recent investigations have delved into alternative IFNα subtypes, identifying certain subtypes as highly potent, and their antiviral and immunomodulatory properties have been extensively characterized. This review consolidates recent findings on the roles of individual IFNα subtypes during HIV and Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV) infections. It encompasses their induction in the context of HIV/SIV infection, their antiretroviral activity, and the diverse regulation of the immune response against HIV by distinct IFNα subtypes. These insights may pave the way for innovative strategies in HIV cure or functional cure studies. 4950 https://doi.org/10.3390/v16030364$xR$3Volltext$534 4950 https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:465-20240806-143333-5$xR$3Volltext$534 4961 https://duepublico2.uni-due.de/receive/duepublico_mods_00081724 5051 610 5550 HIV 5550 IFNα subtypes 5550 immunotherapy 5550 type I IFNs