000K utf8 1100 $c2018 1500 ger 2050 urn:nbn:de:hbz:464-20190809-151418-8 2051 10.17185/duepublico/70363 3000 Mälzer, Hans-Joachim 3010 Merkel, Wolf 4000 Baden in der Ruhr$dVom Forschungsprojekt zum Badespaß [Mälzer, Hans-Joachim] 4209 Between 2012 and 2015, the collaborative research project “Sichere Ruhr” (Safe Ruhr), funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF), was conducted. It was dedicated to establishing whether the quality of Ruhr River water had improved to an extent that an existing bathing ban, issued on account of poor microbial water quality around the year 1970, could be lifted. This would meet an obvious increase in demand among a considerable proportion of the adjacent population, who already noticed the improvements in the river water quality and, in spite of the legal situation, occasionally went for a swim. Against this background and in order to investigate opportunities, perspectives and obstacles to re-opening official bathing sites along the Ruhr River, “Safe Ruhr” addressed a broad spectrum of research issues. Both microbial and parasitological pollution of the Ruhr River have been monitored extensively. Furthermore, contamination with trematodes causing “swimmers itch” has been evaluated. The main sources for microbial pollution in the river were identified as being combined sewer overflows (CSOs), sewage water treatment effluents and agricultural runoff. Models to assess the variable impact of these pathogen pathways as well as early warning systems for hygienic quality have been developed and evaluated. Microbial health impacts and the health risk of river bathing have been assessed by use of quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) and the concept of disability-adjusted life years (DALY). Different technologies to reduce pathogens in CSO effluents have been implemented and tested. In order to facilitate the re-establishment of Ruhr River bathing sites, a cost-benefit analysis for bathing in the Ruhr River was performed, a regional stakeholder analysis has been conducted, a communication strategy has been developed and a comprehensive practical guideline for bathing in natural watercourses has been published. 4209 Die Bemühungen der vergangenen Jahrzehnte im vorsorgenden Gewässerschutz haben zwar zu erheblichen Erfolgen in Form einer deutlichen Verbesserung der Ruhrwasserqualität geführt, was den Gesundheitsschutz der mit Trinkwasser aus der Ruhr versorgten Einwohner*innen und die Freizeitnutzung der Ruhr für verschiedene Wassersportarten verbessert hat. Dennoch war die Ruhr aber nicht als Badegewässer ausgewiesen und im Stadtgebiet Essen mit einem Badeverbot belegt. Dies hat sich geändert. 4950 https://doi.org/10.17185/duepublico/70363$xR$3Volltext$534 4950 https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:464-20190809-151418-8$xR$3Volltext$534 4961 https://duepublico2.uni-due.de/receive/duepublico_mods_00070363 5051 570 5051 624